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3) or obtained from the International Building Code (IBC) (ref. Minimum design loads for allowable stress design are included in Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures (ref. The specified strength of masonry and reinforcement are in turn reduced by appropriate safety factors. Utilizing allowable stress design, masonry elements are sized and proportioned such that the anticipated service level loads can be safely and economically resisted using the specified material strengths. The units, mortar, grout, and reinforcement, if present, act compositely to resist applied loads.īased on this assumed design model, the internal distribution of stresses and resulting equilibrium is illustrated in Figure 1 for unreinforced masonry and Figure 3 for reinforced masonry.The contribution of the masonry to the tensile strength of the element is ignored. For reinforced masonry design, all tensile stresses are resisted by the steel reinforcement.Stress is linearly proportional to strain within the allowable stress range.Therefore, masonry strain is directly proportional to the distance from the neutral axis. Plane sections before bending remain plane after bending.Within the range of allowable stresses, masonry elements satisfy applicable conditions of equilibrium and compatibility of strains.Tables, charts, design examples and additional aids specific to the allowable stress design of concrete masonry elements can be found in the TEK listed in the related TEK box, below.Īllowable stress design is based on the following design principles and assumptions: This TEK is intended only to provide a general review of the pertinent allowable stress design criteria. Otherwise, the allowable stress design provisions between the 20 Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures are the same. Where design assumptions or modeling conditions differ between cited references, they are identified accordingly here. 2b), which in turn reference the 20 editions of the Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures (ref. 2a) and 2009 International Building Code (ref. The content presented is based upon the requirements of the 2006 International Building Code (ref. 4) and TEK 14-4B Strength Design Provisions for Concrete Masonry (ref. For masonry design in accordance with the empirical or strength design provisions, the reader is referred to TEK 14-8B Empirical Design of Concrete Masonry Walls (ref. This TEK provides a basic overview of design criteria and requirements for concrete masonry assemblies designed using the allowable stress design provisions contained in Chapter 2 of the Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures. 1): empirical design, strength design, or allowable stress design. Concrete masonry elements can be designed by using one of several methods in accordance with Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures (ref.
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